Emission Factors pulled from the following sources are used within FEM/FDM:
- IEA Country Specific Grid emission factors (obtained from IEA Data Sets, EF cannot be shared publicly due to licensing restrictions)
- 2022 Ozone Assessment from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Library/Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (NOAA CSL/CIRES)
- Assessing greenhouse gas emissions from refrigerants use in UNDP operations
- GHG Emission Factors Hub
- GHG Protocol’s Calculating HFC and PFC Emissions Worksheets
- IPCC AR6
- IPCC/TEAP Special Report: Safeguarding the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate System
- Kyoto Protocol Standard
- Model Default as Fuel Oil
- Model Default as Biomass
- Modeled as Coal Emission
- Tables - W-refrigerant
- The European Commission’s Proposal on Ozone Depletion Substances
- UK DEFRA
- US EPA Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories
- US EPA Simplified GHG Emissions Calculator
To download the FEM 2024 Emission Factor Reference File, click here.
Higg FEM 2025 GHG and Energy Comparability Guidance
Click here to learn more about the comparability between the Higg FEM 2024 and Higg FEM 2025 energy usage and GHG emissions models.