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Health and Safety - Chemicals and Hazardous Substances

  • Updated

Each question below includes its SLCP/FSLM key and the related recommendation. In some cases, the same guidance applies to multiple IDs.

Table of Contents

Does the facility maintain an inventory of all chemicals and hazardous substances used in the workplace in line with legal requirements?

hs-26--1-1x

Recommendations

  • Create and regularly update a list of all chemicals and hazardous substances used in the facility. 
  • Ensure the inventory includes chemical names, quantities, usage areas, and hazard classifications.
  • Train workers on hazard identification, safe handling, PPE use, and emergency response related to chemicals.
  • Conduct regular refresher training to ensure continuous awareness of chemical risks.
  • Develop a chemical hazard communication plan to inform workers about potential risks, exposure prevention, and first-aid procedures.
  • Conduct safety drills for chemical spills and emergency response.
  • Conduct routine inspections to ensure all chemicals are properly stored, labeled, and documented.
  • Implement a corrective action plan if non-compliances are identified.

 

Are GHS compliant Safety Data Sheets ("SDS", formerly MSDS) available for all chemicals used in the workplace in line with legal requirements?

hs-26--1-2x

Recommendations

  • Obtain SDS for all chemicals used in the workplace.
  • Make SDS easily accessible to all workers and ensure they are available in a language workers understand.
  • Train workers to read and interpret SDS for safe handling and emergency procedures.
  • Train workers on hazard identification, safe handling, PPE use, and emergency response related to chemicals.
  • Conduct regular refresher training to ensure continuous awareness of chemical risks.
  • Develop a chemical hazard communication plan to inform workers about potential risks, exposure prevention, and first-aid procedures.
  • Conduct safety drills for chemical spills and emergency response.
  • Conduct routine inspections to ensure all chemicals are properly stored, labeled, and documented.
  • Implement a corrective action plan if non-compliances are identified.

 

Are chemicals and hazardous substances stored in line with legal requirements?

hs-26--1-4x

Recommendations

  • Store chemicals in designated, well-ventilated areas with clear hazard signage. 
  • Separate incompatible chemicals to prevent accidental reactions. 
  • Use secondary containment systems (e.g., spill trays) to prevent leaks and spills. 
  • Train workers on hazard identification, safe handling, PPE use, and emergency response related to chemicals. 
  • Conduct regular refresher training to ensure continuous awareness of chemical risks.
  • Develop a chemical hazard communication plan to inform workers about potential risks, exposure prevention, and first-aid procedures. 
  • Conduct safety drills for chemical spills and emergency response. 
  • Conduct routine inspections to ensure all chemicals are properly stored, labeled, and documented. 
  • Implement a corrective action plan if non-compliances are identified.

 

Does the facility follow all legal requirements on provision and maintenance of showers, eyewash stations or other proper cleansing materials for workers in the event of exposure to hazardous chemicals?

hs-27--1

Recommendations

  • Install emergency showers and eyewash stations in all designated areas where hazardous chemicals are used or stored. 
  • Provide cleansing materials such as neutralizing agents, decontamination solutions, and protective gloves in easily accessible locations. 
  • Conduct weekly inspections to ensure that showers, eyewash stations, and cleansing materials are functional and meet legal standards. 
  • Implement a preventive maintenance schedule to check water pressure, flow rates, and contamination risks in emergency stations. 
  • Provide hands-on training on how to properly use emergency showers and eyewash stations in case of a chemical spill or exposure. 
  • Ensure that all emergency protocols are visibly posted near chemical storage and handling areas. 
  • Clearly mark and label all emergency showers and eyewash stations with visible signage. 
  • Ensure unobstructed access so workers can reach them immediately in case of an emergency. 
  • Maintain records of all safety inspections, maintenance checks, and worker training sessions to ensure continued regulatory compliance. 
  • Conduct quarterly emergency response drills to assess the effectiveness of decontamination procedures.

 By implementing these measures, the facility can enhance worker safety, comply with legal obligations, and align with ILO and Better Work standards for chemical safety and workplace hygiene.

 

Do worker exposures to chemicals and hazardous substances exceed legal requirements??

hs-27--7

Recommendations

  • Conduct air quality testing and workplace exposure assessments for all hazardous substances in accordance with Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs). 
  • Implement continuous monitoring systems in areas where chemicals are used or stored. Improve ventilation systems, including local exhaust ventilation (LEV) and air purification units to minimize airborne exposure. 
  • Introduce process modifications (e.g., closed-system chemical handling) to reduce worker contact with hazardous substances. 
  • Enforce rotational shifts or task alternation to limit worker exposure duration. 
  • Provide chemical-resistant gloves, respirators, eye protection, and protective clothing based on Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) recommendations. 
  • Implement regular medical screenings for workers exposed to hazardous substances to detect early signs of chemical-related illnesses. 
  • Establish a clear reporting system for workers experiencing symptoms of overexposure.Install eyewash stations, safety showers, and emergency response kits in all chemical-handling areas. 
  • Conduct regular emergency drills on chemical spill containment, exposure response, and first aid for chemical-related incidents. 
  • Maintain accurate exposure records, air quality testing reports, and worker health evaluations. 

Align company policies with ILO conventions, Better Work Standards, and national legal requirements.

 

Are workers trained on chemical hazards and safe work practices particular to their job assignment in line with legal requirements?

hs-27-1x

Recommendations

  • Conduct mandatory chemical safety training for all workers handling or exposed to chemicals. 
  • Ensure training includes chemical hazards, safe storage, proper labeling, and correct disposal procedures. 
  • Provide practical demonstrations on chemical spill response and PPE usage. 
  • Align training programs with national occupational safety and health (OSH) regulations.
  • Document all training sessions with attendance records, training materials, and assessments. 
  • Workers must be trained according to their job roles (e.g., maintenance workers handling solvents vs. production workers exposed to dyes). 
  • Display visual guides and warning signs at chemical handling areas. 
  • Organize refresher courses at least annually to reinforce knowledge and update workers on new chemical safety regulations. 
  • Include practical emergency response drills for chemical spills and exposure incidents.
  • Conduct post-training evaluations to ensure workers understand chemical risks and proper handling procedures. 
  • Supervisors should perform on-the-job safety checks to confirm that workers follow safe chemical handling practices. 
  • Workers should be trained on how to read and interpret GHS-compliant Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for chemicals they work with. 
  • Maintain easily accessible SDS documentation at all chemical storage and usage locations.

 

Has all legally required action been taken to assess, monitor, prevent and limit workers' exposure to chemicals and hazardous substances?

hs-che-1

Recommendations

  • Identify all hazardous chemicals used in the workplace. Conduct air quality and exposure level testing in production areas. 
  • Ensure Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are available and accessible. Install ventilation and extraction systems to reduce airborne toxins. 
  • Ensure safe storage of hazardous substances (e.g., separate flammable chemicals).
  • Conduct medical check-ups for workers handling hazardous materials. 
  • Provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as gloves, respirators, and protective clothing. 
  • Train workers on chemical safety, emergency response, and proper handling procedures. 
  • Implement a spill containment and waste disposal system. 
  • Review and follow national chemical safety regulations. 
  • Maintain records of risk assessments, monitoring data, and corrective actions. 
  • Establish a dedicated Chemical Safety Officer or Team to oversee compliance.

 

Cambodia: Are chemical mixing rooms equipped and used in line with legal requirements?

hs-che-10

Recommendations

  • Install ventilation and exhaust systems to remove chemical fumes and prevent harmful exposure.
  • Maintain negative air pressure in the mixing room to prevent fumes from escaping into other areas.
  • Conduct air quality monitoring to ensure compliance with Cambodian occupational safety standards.
  • Provide explosion-proof lighting and electrical installations to minimize ignition risks.
  • Ensure fire suppression systems (e.g., sprinklers, extinguishers, gas suppression systems) are in place and operational.
  • Install chemical-resistant flooring and drainage systems to contain spills and prevent contamination.
  • Maintain separate storage areas for incompatible chemicals to prevent dangerous reactions.
  • Ensure that all containers are labeled in compliance with the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) and local regulations.
  • Implement secondary containment measures to prevent spills from spreading.
  • Ensure workers wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, respirators, and protective clothing when handling chemicals.
  • Maintain emergency showers, eyewash stations, and spill control kits within easy access of the mixing area.
  • Conduct regular PPE inspections and replacements as necessary.
  • Train all workers involved in chemical mixing on safe handling procedures, spill containment, and emergency response.
  • Conduct chemical spill drills and fire safety training to reinforce response preparedness.
  • Ensure training records are maintained and updated in line with legal requirements.
  • Perform routine inspections to identify and address potential chemical hazards.
  • Ensure compliance with Cambodia’s legal requirements for chemical storage, mixing, and disposal.
  • Maintain detailed logs of chemical usage, safety checks, and incident reports.

 

Are workers exposed to hazardous substances in the production process/ in the course of their work?

hs-che-11

Recommendations

  • Conduct risk assessments to identify potential chemical hazards in production and implement necessary controls.
  • Provide workers with appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as gloves, respirators, goggles, and protective clothing.
  • Ensure the facility has adequate ventilation systems, fume extractors, or air filtration mechanisms to minimize chemical exposure.
  • Implement regular health monitoring for workers exposed to hazardous substances, including medical check-ups for early detection of potential health issues.
  • Train workers on safe handling and disposal procedures for hazardous materials, in accordance with Better Work guidelines.
  • Establish emergency response protocols, including eyewash stations, chemical spill kits, and first aid measures in case of exposure incidents.

 

Has all legally required action been taken to assess, monitor and prevent environmental exposure to chemicals and hazardous substances?

hs-che-13

Recommendations

  • Identify all chemicals and hazardous substances used. Evaluate potential air, water, and soil contamination risks. 
  • Perform regular environmental monitoring of chemical emissions and discharges.
  • Ensure safe storage and labeling of all hazardous chemicals.
  • Use authorized waste disposal agencies for chemical waste removal.
  • Implement wastewater treatment systems to prevent contamination of water bodies.
  • Install air filtration and ventilation systems to minimize airborne toxins.
  • Implement spill containment procedures and emergency response plans.
  • Reduce hazardous chemical use by switching to eco-friendly alternatives.
  • Review and adhere to local and international environmental regulations.
  • Maintain permits and records for chemical usage and waste disposal.
  • Seek environmental sustainability certifications (e.g., ISO 14001).

 

Are chemicals and hazardous substances labeled in line with legal requirements?

hs-che-2

Recommendations

  • Label all chemicals in line with GHS requirements, including hazard pictograms, precautionary statements, and first aid measures.
  • Ensure labels are intact, clearly visible, and resistant to damage from chemicals or environmental exposure.
  • Conduct routine checks to verify that all chemicals are correctly labeled.
  • Train workers on hazard identification, safe handling, PPE use, and emergency response related to chemicals.
  • Conduct regular refresher training to ensure continuous awareness of chemical risks.
  • Develop a chemical hazard communication plan to inform workers about potential risks, exposure prevention, and first-aid procedures.
  • Conduct safety drills for chemical spills and emergency response.
  • Conduct routine inspections to ensure all chemicals are properly stored, labeled, and documented.
  • Implement a corrective action plan if non-compliances are identified.

 

Training records on chemical use, handling, disposal and spill cleanup not maintained for at least 12 months

hs-che-30x

Recommendations

  • Keep training records on chemical use, handling, disposal, and spill response for at least 12 months, in line with regulatory requirements.
  • Conduct regular refresher training and maintain attendance logs and test results to confirm worker competency.
  • Perform monthly inspections to verify that chemical handling procedures are being followed.
  • Ensure compliance with national occupational safety laws and Better Work guidelines.
  • By implementing these corrective actions, the facility can reduce exposure risks, ensure regulatory compliance, and foster a safe and responsible workplace.

 

Inappropriate containers are used for dispensing all chemicals

hs-che-31x

No written procedures in place for reporting and responding to chemical spills inside the production area

hs-che-32x

Recommendations

  • Develop clear, written Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for reporting, containing, and cleaning up chemical spills.
  • Train workers on emergency response measures and ensure emergency contacts are accessible.
  • Perform monthly inspections to verify that chemical handling procedures are being followed.
  • Ensure compliance with national occupational safety laws and Better Work guidelines.
  • By implementing these corrective actions, the facility can reduce exposure risks, ensure regulatory compliance, and foster a safe and responsible workplace.

 

No complete spill kit (appropriate for the types and use of chemicals in the facility) available for use

hs-che-33x

Recommendations

  • Provide spill kits suited for the chemicals used in the facility (e.g., absorbent materials, neutralizers, protective gloves, and disposal bags).
  • Ensure spill kits are accessible in all areas where chemicals are stored and used.
  • Perform monthly inspections to verify that chemical handling procedures are being followed.
  • Ensure compliance with national occupational safety laws and Better Work guidelines.
  • By implementing these corrective actions, the facility can reduce exposure risks, ensure regulatory compliance, and foster a safe and responsible workplace.

 

Chemicals disposed in waste bin containers which are generally used for food and drink

hs-che-34x

Recommendations

  • Implement designated hazardous waste disposal containers that are clearly labeled and separated from regular waste bins.
  • Train workers to properly dispose of chemicals following environmental and workplace safety regulations.
  • Perform monthly inspections to verify that chemical handling procedures are being followed.
  • Ensure compliance with national occupational safety laws and Better Work guidelines.
  • By implementing these corrective actions, the facility can reduce exposure risks, ensure regulatory compliance, and foster a safe and responsible workplace.

 

None of the above - the facility is meeting all measures listed above regarding safe handling of chemicals and hazardous substances

hs-che-35x

Recommendations

  • Perform monthly inspections to verify that chemical handling procedures are being followed. 
  • Ensure compliance with national occupational safety laws and Better Work guidelines.

By implementing these corrective actions, the facility can reduce exposure risks, ensure regulatory compliance, and foster a safe and responsible workplace.

 

Is the facility failing to comply with other legally required practices regarding Chemicals and Hazardous Substances not already covered in the Tool?

hs-che-7

Recommendations

  • Review local and international chemical safety regulations to ensure compliance with all applicable laws.
  • Maintain updated records of compliance measures, such as permits, licenses, and safety reports.
  • Engage external auditors or safety consultants if needed to identify gaps.
  • Maintain a complete and updated chemical inventory that includes all hazardous substances used on-site.
  • Ensure GHS-compliant labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are available for all chemicals.
  • Keep records of chemical purchases, usage, and disposal processes in line with legal requirements.
  • Provide regular training on chemical handling, PPE use, and emergency response for all workers.
  • Ensure workers have access to emergency showers, eyewash stations, and spill kits.
  • Implement strict procedures for chemical handling and storage, including secondary containment to prevent leaks and spills.
  • Establish safe disposal procedures for hazardous waste to prevent environmental contamination.
  • Ensure permits and licenses for chemical storage, transportation, and disposal are up to date.
  • Work with certified waste management companies for safe chemical disposal.
  • Conduct regular drills for chemical spill response and ensure all workers are familiar with emergency protocols.
  • Ensure firefighting and spill control equipment is properly maintained and accessible.
  • Establish a designated emergency response team for chemical-related incidents.

By implementing these measures, the facility can mitigate risks, improve worker safety, and ensure full compliance with chemical and hazardous substance regulations.

 

Bangladesh: Does the facility have the legally required license for storage and use of acids?

hs-che-8

Recommendations

  • Consult Bangladesh’s regulatory authorities to acquire the necessary permits and licenses for acid storage and use.
  • Ensure the facility meets all safety conditions required by law before applying for a license.
  • Store acids in designated, well-ventilated, and secured storage areas.
  • Use properly labeled, corrosion-resistant containers and ensure secondary containment to prevent spills.
  • Keep acids away from heat sources, flammable substances, and incompatible chemicals.
  • Provide regular training on the safe handling, usage, and emergency response procedures for acids.
  • Ensure workers handling acids have Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as acid-resistant gloves, goggles, face shields, and aprons.
  • Establish an emergency eye-wash and shower station near acid storage areas.
  • Implement spill containment procedures and provide neutralizing agents to manage acid spills.
  • Train workers on first aid measures in case of acid exposure.
  • Maintain emergency contact information for local medical facilities and environmental agencies.

 

Cambodia: Has the facility prepared for response, control and cleaning of chemical spills, as legally required?

hs-che-9

Recommendations

  • Chemical spills pose a serious threat to worker safety, environmental protection, and regulatory compliance.
  • While Better Work standards and ILO Convention No. 170 (Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work) emphasize the safe handling and containment of hazardous chemicals, the absence of a proper spill response plan does not necessarily pose an immediate, life-threatening risk—hence, the classification as medium risk.
  • Maintain spill kits that include absorbent materials, neutralizers, and containment tools appropriate for the types of chemicals used in the facility.
  • Provide personal protective equipment (PPE) for workers handling spill response (e.g., gloves, goggles, respirators).
  • Install secondary containment measures (e.g., bund walls, spill trays) for liquid chemical storage to prevent uncontrolled spills.
  • Train all workers handling hazardous chemicals on spill response protocols and emergency evacuation procedures.
  • Implement regular chemical spill drills to test preparedness and response efficiency.
  • Ensure that chemical storage areas are clearly marked and that containers are properly sealed and labeled.
  • Maintain an updated inventory of hazardous chemicals, including their Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for reference in case of spills.

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