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Health and Safety - General Work Environment

  • Updated

Each question below includes its SLCP/FSLM key and the related recommendation. In some cases, the same guidance applies to multiple IDs.

Table of Contents

Are temperature and ventilation systems maintained in line with legal requirements?

hs-1--3

Recommendations

  • Measure workplace temperature and humidity levels against legal exposure limits. Ensure ventilation systems are operational, clean, and free from obstructions. 
  • Install temperature monitoring devices in key areas to detect fluctuations 
  • Use exhaust fans, air purifiers, and natural ventilation to improve airflow. 
  • Ensure HVAC systems are regularly cleaned and maintained. Increase fresh air supply in enclosed workspaces to prevent indoor air pollution For hot environments:
  • Provide cooling fans, air-conditioning, or shaded areas.
  • Ensure workers have access to water stations to prevent dehydration.
  • Implement work-rest schedules to reduce heat stress. For cold environments:
  • Provide proper heating systems and insulated workspaces.
  • Ensure workers have access to warm clothing and protective gear.
  • Allow frequent breaks in heated rest areas. Educate workers on recognizing heat stress, dehydration, and hypothermia symptoms. Encourage workers to report temperature or air quality issues immediately. Provide training on proper use of ventilation equipment and safety protocols

 

Is facility lighting in line with legal requirements?

hs-2

Recommendations

  • Measure lighting levels (lux) in all work areas and compare them to legal and industry standards.
  • Check for flickering, glare, shadows, and uneven lighting that may impact worker safety.
  • Document lighting inspections and corrective actions taken.
  • Replace outdated fluorescent or incandescent bulbs with LED lighting to reduce energy consumption and maintenance costs.
  • Use motion sensors and automated controls to optimize lighting efficiency in low-traffic areas.
  • Implement natural lighting solutions (e.g., skylights, windows) where possible to reduce reliance on artificial lighting.
  • Clean and replace faulty or dim lights immediately.
  • Ensure emergency lighting systems are functional and tested periodically.
  • Encourage worker feedback on lighting conditions to address concerns promptly.
  • Ensuring compliance with legal lighting requirements, facilities can enhance worker safety, improve productivity, and reduce operational costs while minimizing health risks and regulatory issues.

 

Has the facility conducted a risk assessment or noise testing to determine if high noise levels are present, although there are no applicable legal requirements?

hs-3

Recommendations

  1. Conduct Voluntary Noise Assessments Perform periodic risk assessments to identify high-noise areas. Use a sound level meter (SLM) or noise dosimeter in areas with loud machinery. Record noise levels at different workstations and assess worker exposure.
  2. Implement Noise Reduction Measures Install noise-dampening materials, barriers, or machine enclosures. Regularly maintain and lubricate equipment to reduce noise levels. Rotate workers in high-noise areas to minimize prolonged exposure.
  3. Provide Hearing Protection & Training Supply earplugs (NRR 25-33 dB) or earmuffs for workers in high-noise zones. Conduct training on hearing conservation and proper use of PPE. Display noise hazard signs in high-exposure areas.
  4. Maintain Records & Compliance Documentation Document noise testing results even if not legally required. Ensure voluntary compliance with ILO, Better Work, and industry standards. Regularly review noise control strategies to ensure a safe and efficient workplace. By proactively conducting noise risk assessments, facilities can **enhance worker safety, reduce long-term heal

 

Does the facility test noise exposure levels in line with legal requirements?

hs-3--2

Recommendations

  • Use sound level meters (SLM) to measure noise levels in different facility areas (especially near machinery, production lines).
  •  Conduct personal noise dosimetry testing for workers exposed to high noise levels for extended periods.
  • Engineering Controls:
    • Install noise barriers, sound-absorbing materials, and machine enclosures to reduce noise levels.
    • Regularly maintain and lubricate machines to reduce operational noise.
  • Administrative Controls:
    • Rotate workers in high-noise areas to reduce prolonged exposure.
    • Schedule noisy operations during specific times to minimize prolonged exposure.
  • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
    • Train workers on proper use, fit, and maintenance of hearing protection.
    • Conduct mandatory hearing tests (audiometry) for workers in high-noise environments.
    • Train workers on noise hazards, hearing conservation, and protective measures.
    • Display noise hazard warning signs in areas exceeding safe noise levels.
    • Ensure compliance with ILO, Better Work, and national noise exposure standards to avoid penalties and improve worker well-being.
    • By regularly testing and controlling noise exposure levels, facilities can protect workers' health, enhance compliance, and maintain a safer, more productive work environment.

 

Are waste disposal/discharge permits available and up to date?

hs-4--2

Recommendations

  • Regular Permit Review: Conduct periodic checks to ensure all waste disposal and discharge permits are current and renewed on time.
  • Compliance Monitoring: Keep updated records of waste management practices and regulatory submissions to demonstrate compliance during audits.
  • Engagement with Authorities: Maintain open communication with environmental agencies to stay informed about regulatory changes and renewal requirements.
  • Proper Documentation: Store all permits in an accessible location, ensuring they can be easily presented during inspections.
  • Third-Party Verification: If needed, seek assistance from environmental consultants or legal advisors to verify compliance and address any gaps.
  • Ensuring that waste disposal and discharge permits are valid and up to date helps facilities avoid legal penalties, safeguard the environment, and maintain smooth operations.

 

Does the facility have a current contract with an authorized agency to safely and legally dispose of hazardous waste?

hs-4--8

Recommendations

  • Verify Contract Validity: Ensure the facility has an active and updated contract with a government-approved hazardous waste disposal agency.
  • Maintain Documentation: Keep proper records of hazardous waste disposal, including contracts, permits, and disposal manifests, to demonstrate compliance.
  • Regular Inspections and Audits: Conduct periodic reviews to ensure hazardous waste is being handled and disposed of according to legal and environmental standards.
  • Worker Training: Train employees on hazardous waste identification, proper handling, and emergency response procedures to prevent accidents.
  • Sustainable Waste Management: Explore options for waste minimization, recycling, or safer alternatives to hazardous materials to reduce waste production.
  • Ensuring proper hazardous waste disposal protects worker health, prevents environmental damage, and keeps the facility compliant with legal and ethical standards.

 

Does the facility have a sufficient number of toilets for the number of workers?

hs-5-5x

Recommendations

  • Verify national legal standards regarding the required toilet-to-worker ratio.
  • If no specific regulations exist, follow international best practices, such as providing one toilet per 20 workers where possible.
  • Place toilets in convenient, well-distributed locations throughout the facility.
  • Ensure accessibility for workers with disabilities, complying with ILO non-discrimination principles.
  • Establish regular cleaning schedules and ensure proper sanitation.
  • Provide handwashing facilities near restrooms with soap, clean water, and sanitary drying options.
  • Conduct worker surveys to ensure that toilet availability meets their needs.
  • Implement a grievance mechanism for workers to report concerns about sanitation facilities.
  • If the workforce expands, increase the number of toilet facilities accordingly.
  • Install temporary restrooms if necessary during peak work periods.
  • By ensuring an adequate number of restrooms, proper maintenance, and accessibility, the facility aligns with ILO and Better Work standards, ensuring hygienic and dignified working conditions for all employees.

 

Does the facility provide workers with free, potable drinking water, although there are no applicable legal requirements?

hs-6

Recommendations

  • Ensure that clean, potable water is freely available to all workers throughout the facility.
  • Place water stations in easily accessible areas, including workstations, break rooms, and outdoor work areas.
  • Conduct regular water testing and sampling to ensure drinking water is free from contaminants.
  • Install filtration and purification systems if needed to guarantee safe drinking water.
  • Ensure water coolers, storage tanks, and drinking fountains are regularly cleaned and maintained.
  • Provide covered and hygienic drinking containers to prevent contamination.
  • Educate workers on the importance of hydration, particularly in hot working environments or physically demanding jobs.
  • Allow frequent hydration breaks to prevent heat stress and dehydration-related illnesses.
  • Set up worker feedback mechanisms to report concerns about water quality, accessibility, or availability.
  • Conduct random facility checks to ensure water stations are functional and properly stocked.
  • By implementing these measures, the facility can demonstrate commitment to worker well-being, align with ILO and Better Work Program guidelines, and prevent workplace health risks, even if no legal obligation exists.

 

Are workers allowed access to toilets/restrooms at any time?

hs-gen-10

Recommendations

  • Workers should be able to use toilets whenever needed, without unnecessary delays or disciplinary action.
  • Restroom breaks should be fairly managed without negatively impacting worker rights or productivity expectations.
  • Clearly communicate that restroom access is a fundamental right.
  • If restroom use must be managed (e.g., in assembly line jobs), create a fair and reasonable rotation system that ensures access while maintaining workflow.
  • Prohibit any form of retaliation, discipline, or humiliation against workers who need to use the restroom.
  • Train supervisors and managers on ILO and national labor standards to ensure compliance.
  • Provide flexible restroom access for pregnant workers, workers with medical conditions, or those on medication.
  • Ensure that restrooms are accessible to workers with disabilities in accordance with labor and human rights standards.
  • Establish anonymous reporting channels for workers to report restroom access violations without fear of retaliation.
  • Conduct worker surveys and audits to assess compliance and ensure that restroom access is not being restricted in any department.
  • By implementing these measures, the facility can ensure full compliance with ILO and Better Work Program standards, prevent legal risks, and promote worker dignity and well-being.
  • Failure to address this issue could result in severe regulatory penalties, reputational damage, and workplace unrest.

 

Does the facility provide workers with potable drinking water in line with legal requirements?

hs-gen-11

Recommendations

  • Ensure that all workers have access to clean drinking water throughout their shifts.
  • Water should be easily accessible near workstations, rest areas, and cafeterias.
  • Perform periodic testing to confirm that drinking water meets national and international safety standards.
  • Document and keep records of water test results for regulatory compliance.
  • Ensure that water dispensers, bottles, and storage tanks are cleaned and maintained regularly.
  • Prevent contamination by providing covered water containers and sanitizing them frequently.
  • If the facility relies on well water or non-municipal sources, install filtration and purification systems to ensure safety.
  • In areas with limited water infrastructure, consider bottled or treated water options.
  • Inform workers about the importance of drinking enough water, especially in hot environments or physically demanding jobs.
  • Encourage frequent hydration breaks to prevent heat-related illnesses.
  • Implement anonymous worker feedback systems to report water quality issues.
  • Conduct regular audits to ensure that potable water is consistently available.
  • By implementing these measures, the facility can ensure compliance with ILO and Better Work Program guidelines, prevent occupational health risks, and maintain a safe and legally compliant work environment.

 

Are workers allowed access to drinking water at any time?

hs-gen-12

Recommendations

  • Workers should be able to drink water whenever needed, without unnecessary restrictions or delays.
  • If restroom breaks must be managed for workflow efficiency, hydration breaks should not be restricted in the same manner.
  • Place water dispensers near workstations, break areas, and high-heat zones to ensure accessibility.
  • Ensure that portable or mobile workers (e.g., construction, agriculture, or factory workers) have easily accessible hydration points.
  • Employers should promote regular water intake and ensure workers do not avoid drinking water due to break restrictions or job pressures.
  • Implement random workplace audits to confirm that workers can access water at any time.
  • Supervisors should be trained on labor standards, emphasizing that denying water access is a violation of worker health and safety regulations.
  • Any reported incidents of water access restrictions should be investigated and corrected immediately.
  • In hot environments or physically demanding jobs, workers should be actively encouraged to hydrate frequently.
  • In extreme conditions, electrolyte solutions or hydration breaks should be incorporated into workplace policies.

 

Bangladesh: Does the facility comply with legal requirements to ensure against overcrowding?

hs-gen-13

Recommendations

  1. Conduct a Workplace Capacity & Safety Audit Measure the facility’s current space per worker and compare it with legal limits (square feet per worker). 
  2. Ensure emergency exit routes remain clear and are not obstructed by excessive workers or machinery. 
  3. Conduct independent inspections or work with Better Work Bangladesh (BWB) for compliance assessment.
  4. Improve Facility Layout & Space Utilization Reorganize production areas to reduce congestion by optimizing machine placement and workstations. 
  5. Consider staggered shifts to minimize worker density during peak production times. Implement zoning to separate high-risk areas (e.g., chemical storage, electrical panels) from worker stations.
  6. Strengthen Ventilation & Fire Safety Measures Ensure proper ventilation systems are in place to reduce heat and airborne contaminants. 
  7. Maintain fire exits and evacuation plans to prevent safety violations. Post visible occupancy limits in key areas to maintain compliance.
  8. Monitor & Enforce Compliance Through Record-Keeping Maintain updated records on workforce size and facility capacity limits. 
  9. Regularly review space utilization and adjust layout based on worker volume. 
  10. Ensure compliance with BNBC, ILO OSH standards, and buyer requirements to avoid penalties and improve working conditions. By adhering to legal occupancy limits and maintaining proper working conditions, facilities in Bangladesh can enhance worker safety, improve productivity, and maintain compliance with global labor standards.

 

Vietnam: Does the facility regularly inspect and maintain machines, equipment, buildings and stores, as legally required?

hs-gen-14

Recommendations

  • Establish a detailed maintenance schedule covering all machines, equipment, buildings, and storage facilities.
  • This plan should align with the manufacturer's guidelines and comply with Vietnamese legal requirements.
  • Perform routine inspections to identify wear and tear, potential hazards, or non-compliance issues.
  • Ensure that these inspections are documented and any identified issues are promptly addressed.
  • Ensure that maintenance and inspections are carried out by trained and certified professionals familiar with the specific requirements of the equipment and structures in question.
  • Regularly review and stay informed about updates to Vietnamese laws and regulations related to construction maintenance and equipment safety to ensure ongoing compliance.
  • Maintain detailed records of all inspections, maintenance activities, and repairs.
  • This documentation serves as proof of compliance and aids in tracking the maintenance history of assets.

 

Vietnam: Does the facility inspect and measure the environmental conditions in the workplace on an annual basis, as legally required?

hs-gen-15

Recommendations

  • Establish a detailed schedule for annual environmental monitoring, aligning with legal requirements and industry best practices.
  • Collaborate with accredited organizations to perform workplace environmental assessments, ensuring accuracy and compliance.
  • Maintain thorough records of all monitoring activities and promptly implement corrective measures for any identified hazards.
  • Regularly update your knowledge of Vietnamese OSH laws to ensure ongoing compliance and adapt to any new requirements.
  • By adhering to these guidelines, facilities can maintain a safe working environment, comply with Vietnamese regulations, and mitigate potential risks associated with workplace environmental hazards.

 

Are worker exposures to airborne particulates (e.g. dust, fibers, fumes) in line with legal requirements?

hs-gen-18

Recommendations

  • Measure worker exposure levels to dust, fumes, and fibers against legal exposure limits.
  • Use workplace air quality monitoring devices to check concentrations in different areas.
  • Ensure proper ventilation and air filtration systems to maintain air quality.
  • Install proper exhaust systems, local ventilation, and dust extraction units in high-risk areas.
  • Ensure enclosed areas with significant particulate exposure have air filtration mechanisms.
  • Rotate job tasks or limit exposure duration for workers in high-exposure areas.
  • Ensure workers in high-risk environments have adequate PPE, such as N95 masks or respirators.
  • Train workers on proper PPE use, maintenance, and storage.
  • Regularly inspect PPE to ensure effectiveness and compliance.
  • Conduct regular health checkups for workers in high-exposure areas (e.g., lung function tests).
  • Train workers on risks associated with airborne particulates and proper workplace hygiene.
  • Encourage workers to report symptoms related to air quality exposure.
  • Ensuring compliance with air quality regulations, facilities can reduce worker health risks, prevent occupational diseases, avoid legal penalties, and maintain ethical and responsible labor practices.

 

Are facility temperature and ventilation in line with applicable legal requirements?

hs-gen-3

Recommendations

  • Measure temperature and humidity levels in all work areas and compare them against legal limits. Use air quality meters to detect harmful airborne particulates like dust, fumes, or carbon dioxide buildup. 
  • Ensure adequate fresh air supply in enclosed workspaces through mechanical or natural ventilation. 
  • Install exhaust fans, industrial air purifiers, and air-conditioning systems where necessary. 
  • Keep ventilation ducts clean and free from obstructions to ensure smooth airflow.
  • Regularly inspect and maintain HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems. 
  • For Hot Work Environments:
    • Provide cooling fans, shaded rest areas, and hydration stations.
    • Implement work-rest schedules to prevent heat stress.
    • Ensure workers have access to breathable clothing and PPE suitable for warm conditions.
  • For Cold Work Environments:
    • Install heating systems or insulated barriers to reduce exposure to cold temperatures.
    • Provide warm protective clothing and regular breaks in heated rest areas.
    • Educate workers on recognizing symptoms of heat stress, dehydration, and respiratory issues. 
    • Encourage workers to report ventilation or temperature concerns to management immediately. 
    • Train workers on proper PPE usage and safety procedures in extreme temperature conditions. 
    • Ensuring compliance with legal requirements for temperature and ventilation, facilities can improve worker well-being, maintain operational efficiency, and avoid potential penalties or reputational damage.

 

Does the facility monitor indoor air quality in line with legal requirements?

hs-gen-4

Recommendations

  • Install air quality sensors to measure temperature, humidity, CO₂ levels, and particulate matter. 
  • Document IAQ monitoring data and keep records available for inspections.
  • Ensure HVAC systems are maintained and cleaned regularly to prevent air contamination.
  • Use HEPA filters or activated carbon filters to reduce airborne pollutants.
  • Increase fresh air intake by using mechanical or natural ventilation systems.
  • For industrial settings: Implement fume extraction and dust control measures to prevent airborne contamination.
  • For offices or indoor workspaces: Use air purifiers or dehumidifiers to maintain comfortable IAQ levels.
  • For chemical-heavy industries: Ensure chemical exposure levels are monitored separately under hazardous substance regulations.
  • Train workers to recognize symptoms of poor air quality (e.g., headaches, fatigue, dizziness).
  • Encourage workers to report air quality concerns to supervisors.
  • Place IAQ reports in common areas to increase transparency.

 

Are worker exposures to noise in line with legal requirements?

hs-gen-5

Recommendations

  • Conduct Regular Noise Exposure Assessments Use a noise dosimeter to measure workers' exposure over time. Identify high-risk areas (e.g., next to loud machinery or production lines). Conduct periodic noise mapping and compare levels with legal exposure limits.
  • Implement Noise Control Measures Reduce noise at the source by: Installing soundproof barriers or enclosures around noisy machinery. Using low-noise machinery and maintaining equipment regularly. Placing noise-absorbing materials (e.g., acoustic panels) in high-noise areas. Limit worker exposure through job rotation or shift adjustments.
  • Provide Hearing Protection & Training Ensure all workers in high-noise areas wear appropriate PPE (e.g., earmuffs or earplugs with an NRR rating of 25-33 dB). Conduct training on hearing conservation and ensure workers understand the risks of prolonged exposure. Post noise hazard signs in high-exposure areas to raise awareness.
  • Maintain Compliance Documentation & Continuous Monitoring Keep records of noise exposure assessments and control measures implemented. Regularly review noise levels and adjust safety protocols accordingly. Align with ILO, OSHA, and industry-specific regulations to ensure compliance. By actively monitoring and controlling noise exposure, facilities can prevent occupational hearing loss, improve workplace safety, and maintain compliance with international labor and health standards.

 

Are the facility's sanitation practices in line with legal requirements?

hs-gen-6

Recommendations

  • Ensure Compliance with Legal Standards: Regularly review and align sanitation policies with national and international labor regulations. 
  • Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Implement a scheduled cleaning regimen for restrooms, work areas, and dining spaces to prevent hygiene-related issues.
  •  Adequate Facilities: Provide sufficient and well-maintained toilets, handwashing stations, and sanitation supplies such as soap and disinfectants. 
  • Worker Training and Awareness: Educate workers on hygiene best practices to encourage personal and collective responsibility for maintaining cleanliness. 
  • Periodic Audits and Monitoring: Conduct inspections and audits to ensure continuous adherence to sanitation policies and legal requirements. 
  • Worker Feedback Mechanism: Set up a complaint or suggestion system for workers to report any sanitation issues for prompt resolution. 
  • By maintaining proper sanitation standards, the facility can ensure a healthier workforce, improve worker satisfaction, and demonstrate compliance with both legal and ethical workplace expectations.

 

Are the facility's waste disposal practices in line with legal requirements?

hs-gen-7

Recommendations

  • Legal Compliance Assessment: Regularly review national and international waste management regulations and ensure compliance. 
  • Waste Segregation System: Implement a clear system for sorting solid, liquid, and hazardous waste, ensuring proper labeling and storage. 
  • Safe Disposal Methods: Partner with certified waste disposal companies to handle hazardous materials and ensure safe treatment of industrial waste. 
  • Training & Awareness: Educate workers on waste management best practices, proper disposal techniques, and environmental responsibilities. 
  • Monitoring & Audits: Conduct routine internal and external audits to identify areas for improvement and maintain compliance. 
  • Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Implement sustainable waste management strategies, such as minimizing waste production, reusing materials, and promoting recycling efforts.
  •  By ensuring that waste disposal practices are in line with legal requirements, the facility can protect the environment, safeguard worker health, and avoid potential regulatory penalties.

 

Are toilets in line with legal requirements?

hs-gen-8

Recommendations

To ensure compliance with international labor standards and national legal requirements 1.Provision of Gender-Separated Facilities:

  • Ensure that separate and clearly designated toilets are available for male and female workers. 
    • Facilities should be easily accessible, secure, and in adequate quantity based on workforce size.
  • Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Toilets should be cleaned at least once daily and sanitized weekly to prevent hygiene-related illnesses.
    • Implement a maintenance log to track cleaning schedules and ensure accountability.
  • Legal Compliance Verification:
    • Review local legal requirements regarding the number of toilets, gender separation, cleanliness standards, and accessibility provisions.
    • If no specific legal requirements exist, adopt international best practices, such as those outlined by ILO and Better Work. 
  • Privacy and Accessibility Measures:
    • Ensure that all toilet stalls have working locks to maintain privacy.
    • Provide accessible toilets for workers with disabilities, in line with ILO non-discrimination principles.
    • Maintain adequate lighting and hygiene facilities, such as handwashing stations with soap and water. 
  • Worker Awareness and Feedback:
    • Conduct worker consultations to ensure that sanitation facilities meet their needs.
    • Establish a reporting mechanism where workers can raise concerns about restroom conditions without fear of retaliation. 
    • By implementing these recommendations, the facility can meet ILO and Better Work sanitation standards, enhance worker dignity and hygiene, and comply with national regulations, ensuring a safe and respectful working environment.

 

Is the facility failing to comply with any legal requirements not covered elsewhere regarding Health & Safety?

hs-heal-1

Recommendations

  • Identify any legal requirements not currently met (e.g., missing training, safety equipment, or risk assessments).
  • Consult local labor laws, ILO conventions, and buyer requirements.
  • Fix any non-compliance issues related to ventilation, lighting, noise exposure, fire safety, PPE, machine guarding, or emergency response.
  • Provide safety training and ensure workers are informed of proper safety procedures.
  • Schedule regular health and safety inspections to check compliance with all regulations.
  • Maintain records of inspections, safety training, and incidents to demonstrate compliance during audits.

 

Is the facility failing to comply with any legal requirements for Health & Safety pertaining to non-production workers and/or onsite sub-contracted workers?

hs-heal-2

Recommendations

  • Identify any missing legal requirements for security personnel, janitors, cafeteria staff, maintenance teams, and subcontracted workers.
  • Ensure they receive the same protections as production workers (e.g., safety training, PPE, and emergency preparedness).
  • Provide PPE, training, and safety procedures tailored to non-production workers’ job functions.
  • Ensure contracted labor agencies follow the same Health & Safety policies as the main facility.
  • Keep documentation of health & safety training, PPE distribution, and risk assessments for all workers.
  • Conduct regular safety inspections to confirm compliance with all legal requirements.

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